an aura of fantasy. But always bear in mind that whatever is on the screen is in fact
you. So please sit back and enjoy an Academy Award-winning show about yourself. Of all the
exotic places on our planet, none is more wondrous, more awesome than a vast and beautiful
world that until recently lay dark and unseen.
Just as a child haltingly explores the world about, we have begun to explore the mysterious
landscape within. Join us on a fantastic voyage of discovery, an exploration of self, as we look
anew at the incredible machine that is the human body.
In ways that Shakespeare could never have imagined, we shall look at what Hamlet called
the beauty of the world, the paragon of animals.
No
No one can enjoy their couple when they have to cope with this kind of mess.
And is this a familiar scene in your office kitchen?
There is a better way.
Cafe Bar.
Cafe Bar makes a good, refreshing cup of coffee or tea instantly.
Saves time, saves money, saves mess.
And keeps everything clean and hygienic.
Try a free Cafe Bar for a couple of weeks in your office or factory.
Call Cafe Bar on this number.
There's no obligation and the first 200 cups are on us.
It's worth a working day for the kids.
So it's worth Dulux Weather Shield.
Covers wood or brick and Weather Shield's acrylic grips better than the others.
I reckon it's the toughest, longest lasting exterior paint you can buy.
Dulux Weather Shield, it's a ripper gripper.
How's that for toughness?
And this will last until he opens for Australia.
Weather Shield, gloss or flat, it's a ripper gripper.
So is he.
Worth doing, worth Dulux.
With so many people slicing and wrapping cheese today, it's the quality and freshness inside
the wrapper that really makes the difference.
That's why I rely on Kraft Singles.
With Kraft, you get that full cheddar flavour and freshness sealed into the very last slice.
Yes, I'm very single minded about Kraft Singles.
$5,000 to be won in the Kraft Singles Spot the Ball contest.
Details at your supermarket now.
The Subaru Leone is very likely to remind you of something.
For sure footed handling and sheer driving pleasure, it recalls Italy's great front wheel
drive alpha sort.
Its aerodynamic styling is highly reminiscent of Germany's classic BMWs.
For value and economy, Leone may remind you of the brilliant Honda Accord.
Subaru Leone, their great ideas, Subaru's great price tag.
Tonight, 8.30 for the first time on television, Bill Collins presents a death in Canaan.
He was just a kid charged with the murder of his mother, a murder he didn't commit.
How could an 18 year old beat the system that regarded him as a cold blooded killer?
A death in Canaan, the true story of a shocking miscarriage of justice.
Tonight, 8.30, Channel O. From cave wall to billboard, the uniquely
human creation called art has celebrated nature's unique creation, the human body.
Walt Whitman expressed his exaltation in words, one's self I sing, a simple, separate person.
A physiology from top to toe I sing, the female equally with the male I sing.
Set aside now the poet's passion in favor of the scientist's cold analysis.
About two thirds water plus carbon, calcium, and a few other chemicals, all worth about
$5 at the inflated prices of the mid 70s.
In one sense, that's all we are, all of us.
But right now, your body is performing amazing feats of engineering, chemistry, and physics
that no machine designed by man can duplicate.
A close look reveals our evolutionary heritage, male and female alike.
Our bodies hold as many hair follicles as our cousins, the chimpanzees.
Packed with nerve endings, our lips are among the most sensitive parts of the body.
Look closely at lips and tongue and marvel at their versatility.
Look closer still at the tip of the tongue magnified 60 times and marvel merely at the
sight.
Beauty we say is in the eye of the beholder, but all we ever see of one another, skin surface
and hair, is dead.
Our skin is constantly growing from within, creating new cells that push their way outward,
then die near the surface.
The whole process takes about a month.
Weighing about six pounds, the skin is the largest single organ of the body, yet it's
only about a twentieth of an inch thick.
The ridges of our hands evolve to help us hold onto things.
Our fingertips hold 2,000 pores per square inch.
This giant cavern is merely a single pore, magnified 2,400 times.
The green spheres are bacteria, always present, no matter how often and vigorously we may
wash.
Some two million such caverns cover the body, part of our efficient cooling system.
Heavy exercise can raise internal temperature up to seven degrees above normal.
The body dissipates this excess heat through perspiration evaporating on the skin.
Only a quarter of the energy we produce by muscular exertion is converted into work.
The remaining three quarters is heat.
We usually associate perspiration only with heavy exercise or extreme heat, but even under
normal conditions, we perspire constantly, between one and two pints a day.
These bizarre scenes show variations in temperature from one part of the body to another.
They're made not by visible light, but by heat.
On a machine so sensitive, it can record heat left behind by a handprint or a moving finger
under our wall.
Used medically as an aid to detect tumors and diagnose severity of burns, the thermal
vision camera converts invisible heat radiation into color video signals.
Each color represents a difference of one degree Fahrenheit.
Blue generally represents lowest temperatures.
Red or white, the warmest.
Not only does the skin help cool and protect the body, it also serves as a sense organ.
It seems likely that before birth, the fetus receives most sensations through the skin.
From the moment of birth, humans seem to require touching and physical affection as much as
food.
As the infant grows older, it will rely more and more on other senses.
We are basically visual creatures, receiving about 90 percent of all our information through
our eyes.
We're constantly blinking, once every two to ten seconds, bathing and lubricating our
eyes with tears.
As someone has calculated, that blinking causes our eyes to be closed for half an hour out
of each waking day.
Our iris can adjust to changes in light intensity up to a thousand fold.
The lens of the eye inverts images projected onto the retina.
Only how we perceive everything right side up is still not fully understood.
Lubricant tears also contain an antiseptic agent that helps defend against disease.
Many animals produce tears, but as far as we know, only humans weep as a result of emotional
stress.
The range of human hearing is exceeded in nature by all kinds of creatures, but our
hearing sensitivity is remarkable.
A good ear can discriminate some 1600 different frequencies.
Inside the ear, sound vibrates the eardrum, shown here slowed down 200 times.
The tiny bones move vibrations along for conversion to electrical impulses and reception by the
brain.
The tympanic muscle protects the delicate apparatus against excessive noise.
Using the muscle move, we can see the ear here.
Hello?
This is her sister.
Oh, I see.
Just a minute.
Karen.
Do you know a boy named Walter?
Walter.
His last name is Brent.
Throughout history, individuals forced to cope with the loss of specific bodily functions
have inspired us all with their courage, stamina, and skill.
Things to repair or replace faulty parts dominate medical research.
Almost every day brings new advances in electronics, engineering, and exotic synthetic materials.
Through microsurgery and other radical techniques, doctors seek ways to help overcome loss of
sight and hearing.
This California college student was born deaf.
Now she has just had an electronic implantation in her inner ear.
A bold new surgical procedure thus far tried on only a handful of patients.
For the first time, she hears the sound of her own voice.
Welcome to
The implant does not provide normal hearing, but in most cases has brought at least a perception
of sound where none existed before.
Room of the
Music
Today, more than ever, Vegemite helps.
Vegemite Yeast Extract, with all the goodness of those essential B group vitamins.
Music
Oh, I didn't see you at the shops.
Oh, with this headache?
Oh look, try these dechrine powders I just bought.
Dechrine powders? For strong pain?
Oh yes, they contain aspirin and codeine, so they're effective for severe headache.
But they're only available from the chemist.
And as the pack says, Molly, take only as directed.
Easy to take. Molly, if that headache persists, go see your doctor.
Ready for lunch?
You bet.
Thanks to you.
Or thanks to dechrine powders.
Is this the world's most handy jar?
Is this the world's best money's worth?
Vaseline petroleum jelly, there's really nothing like it on this earth.
When your lips get cracked and dry, well it's the one to really sue.
Put it anywhere you want to stop that chafing.
Put it anywhere you want it soft and smooth.
Put it on your squeaks, put it on your creaks.
Put it on your battery terminals too.
Put it on your tools to prevent them rusting.
Put it on your leather and keep it new.
The world's most handy jar, gee whiz, we kind of like to think it is.
Ben Crop, did your cat get his whiskers today?
Hang on a minute.
Streaker here would mute me if I didn't feed him his whiskers.
I care as much about his welfare as I care about the reef.
That's why I always make sure that he has his whiskers.
He seems to have some kind of sixth sense about how good it is.
See what I mean?
Tell them Streaker, did you get your whiskers today?
Tuesday night, prisoner and the rebellion against Sharon Gilmore reaches a shattering climax.
Now, V. Smith returns and expects to regain control of the inmates.
But has the situation become so bad that even she cannot control it?
Prisoner, every Tuesday and Thursday night, 8.30, Channel O.
The Enormous Range of Human Sounds
The enormous range of human sounds is the product of an exquisitely complex system.
The meaning of speech, the aesthetic of song, can be altered by minute movements
involving diaphragm, lungs, windpipe, mouth, nose, tongue, lips, teeth.
The actual sound created by the vocal cords alone is simple and faint.
A cough.
This slowed down 200 times is what happens to our vocal cords when we cough,
releasing trapped air with explosive force.
These wild undulations are but a single cough.
In an intricate life-giving exchange, we take in about a pint of air with each relaxed breath,
around 14 every minute.
Inside, we work somewhat like a bellows.
The diaphragm pulls down, chest wall expands, and air rushes in to fill the partial vacuole.
The trachea, or windpipe, splits into two large tubes, the bronchi, one going into each lung.
Smaller bronchi branch off into ever smaller passages,
much like branches and twigs growing off from a tree trunk.
The entire gracefully swaying structure is often referred to as the bronchial tree.
The tiniest twigs of the tree terminate in the alveoli,
300 million microscopic air sacs which constitute the bulk of lung tissue.
Entwined with clusters of alveoli, a network of capillaries, microscopic blood vessels.
Air sac and blood vessel lie side by side.
Through incredibly thin, transparent membranes, red blood cells snatch up oxygen
and surrender waste, carbon dioxide, to be exhaled.
Responding to stress, the intertwined systems, respiration and circulation,
display remarkable adaptability.
Lungs and heart can perform prodigiously,
pumping about ten times the amount of air and blood we need when we're relaxed.
The heart's double-barreled pumping action propels blood through the system under great pressure.
This is how it sounds recorded with a tiny microphone inside a living body.
Blood, the river of life, journeys endlessly through 60,000 miles of blood vessels.
Blood's main function is carried out on the cellular level.
Oxygen, water and nutrients are delivered to every body cell, and waste products are collected.
A complete tour out from the heart and back takes less than a minute,
from vessels one inch in diameter to capillaries and venules so small
that blood cells must line up to squeeze through one at a time.
At all times, even during the most common place of our daily routines,
our bodies are the scenes of dramatic action.
Facing the threat of invasion by harmful bacteria or other foreign organisms,
the body mobilizes for defense.
Among its donut-shaped red cells, the bloodstream contains a small, highly mobile strike force,
leukocytes, white cells.
Wiggling about under its own power, a leukocyte seeks out, attacks, and consumes a foreign invader.
The white blood cells are both warriors and scavengers.
In addition to their battlefield duties, they help cleanse the bloodstream of debris.
Built of thick and tough muscle, the heart is a marvel of mechanical performance.
Beating 70 times a minute, it pumps 2,000 gallons a day.
One-way valves prevent blood flow from backing up.
Merely the size of a fist and weighing less than a pound,
the body's dynamo pumps 55 million gallons in a lifetime.
No longer regarded as the temple of the soul or the seat of intelligence,
the heart and its corridors nonetheless inspire awe and reverence
for the beauty and efficiency of nature's design.
Rock and roll through your day.
Rock and roll all through your day.
Mr. Juiceless, the sun's shining, so you can rock and roll through your day.
Let me tell you now, Mr. Juiceless, the sun's shining, so you can rock and roll through your day.
Who makes the white that's tough enough to take what kids hand out?
Berger Vinylmen.
Who makes the white that's special white that has more style than any white about?
Berger Vogue, naturally.
That's right.
Who makes the white for your ceilings that rose on so nice and deep?
Berger's beaut.
Who makes the white for those tricky jobs or those long white lines that look so bright in the night?
Berger.
True.
Who makes the white so glossy bright it really stands alone?
Berger Full Gloss for me.
Who makes the white that's tough outside and makes your house a home?
Berger Bonanza.
Berger.
Yeah, yeah.
Berger.
Ain't it good and ain't it quaint?
When you think of white, you think of Berger paint.
Berger.
Berger Right White Sale is on now.
The right white at the right price.
Clinic fresh, clinic clean.
Get your hair shining and healthy.
Clinic fresh, clinic clean.
Shining healthy hair for you.
Blue Clinic Shampoo.
Medicated to wash your hair shining and healthy.
Clinic fresh, clinic clean.
Shining healthy hair for you.
Blue Clinic Medicated Shampoo for shining healthy hair.
We're a band on the road.
Got a geek way out west.
Got to play our best.
We'll drive till the sun goes down.
We'll sleep beneath the stars.
Lights are fire, play guitars.
Come the light of day, we'll be our way.
We'll drive till the sun goes down.
Toyota LightAce.
A pleasure to do business with.
To utilize raw materials that build tissue and supply energy,
the human body employs a complex chemical conversion process.
Despite frequent abuse,
our digestive system routinely performs extraordinary feats of chemistry.
Even before the first bite,
the mouth prepares by increasing secretion of saliva.
Mostly water, saliva helps chewing and swallowing,
and contains enzymes that begin the digestive process.
Down the gullet, or esophagus,
a tube nine to ten inches long, less than an inch wide, leading to the stomach.
Like most of the digestive tract,
the esophagus is lined with muscles that squeeze and relax,
pushing food along every step of the way.
Walls of the stomach churn the food and mix it with enzymes and acid.
In normal digestion,
the stomach produces hydrochloric acid strong enough to burn a hole in a rug,
but protects itself with a glistening layer of mucus.
In the overall digestive process,
the stomach serves largely as a way station.
Most of the work takes place in the small intestine.
Millions of tiny villi lining the intestine help convert usable nutrients
into forms the body can absorb.
Total distance traveled between intake and outlet, 30 feet.
Total time, one day.
Despite our wide variety of motion, our muscles can do only one thing, contract.
We're painting them red and blue, flexors and extensors,
to show their arrangement in opposing pairs.
One muscle contracts to pull a bone forward.
Its opposite number contracts to pull it back, forward and back, up and down.
The entire range of movement derives from muscles' one-way action.
We have in all more than 600 muscles, comprising about 40 percent of body weight.
Our bones, amazingly strong and light, make up only 18 percent of our weight.
Healthy joints are lined with a glassy smooth cartilage
and lubricated by a thick fluid said to be so effective
that nothing technology has produced can match it.
For the body's 206 bones, more than half are in the hands and feet.
Except for a few flightless birds like the ostrich,
humans are the only animals that get around exclusively on two feet.
Compared with four-legged creatures, our walking is complex and acrobatic.
As one expert describes it, without split-second timing,
man would fall flat on his face.
In fact, with each step he takes, he teeters on the edge of catastrophe.
So skillfully designed is the structure of our bones and joints
that we can absorb great stress.
In running, legs and feet take up to 5,000 pounds of pressure per square inch,
and in some athletic events like jumping, pressure is estimated at up to 20,000 pounds.
The unique engineering design of the human body reaches its apex in the hand.
Powerful and precise servant of the mind, creator of civilization and culture.
Twenty-five joints give it 58 distinctly different motions
and make it the most versatile instrument on earth.
No longer dependent for survival on speed, agility and strength,
it is ironic that we can extend our bodies to achievements
our primitive forebears could not possibly imagine.
Music
What a piece of work is man, wrote Shakespeare.
In form, in moving, how express and admirable.
In action, how like an angel.
The beauty of the world, the paragon of animals.
Music
Expensive these days, so it's important to use the very best mixers, Schweppes.
Thousands of tiny bubbles that blast the whole drink through.
That characteristic dry taste.
Schweppes quality.
You and I call it Schweppes essence, and only Schweppes know how to make it.
Schweppes essence, with all good spirits.
I never risk any other mixer.
These days when you go to a licensed restaurant,
the wine can cost almost as much as the meal.
Well now Pizza Hut restaurants offer you the wine for 20 cents a bottle.
Now you can get a 250ml bottle of Times Mozel with every regular sized dine-in pizza.
Two 20 cent bottles with every medium size,
and three 20 cent bottles with every family size pizza.
A 20 cent wine offer, just check the wine list at your local Pizza Hut restaurant.
Music
Amongst four cylinder economy cars,
only one stands out from the ordinary.
Sigma.
Now Sigma is even more sensational.
With an optional 2.6 liter Astrone engine, it's no ordinary four.
A sensation you can feel.
Sigma. Feel the difference.
Every once in a while you find a couple of guys who just naturally work well together.
Like Brian Karl and Des McWilliam.
What each can do well alone works even better when they're together.
A natural sort of communication you just don't find every day.
Good evening, I'm Brian Karl.
And I'm Des McWilliam.
Brian Karl and Des McWilliam.
The news people, people talk about.
In all important respects, homo sapiens reproduces its kind in much the same way as most other mammals.
But as far as we can determine, we are the only species that consciously connects mating behavior with subsequent offspring.
We have begun to understand how sexual reproduction works.
And the more we learn, the more wondrous and awe-inspiring it seems.
Now cameras have recorded the complete process of how life in most mammals begins.
In her ovaries, a woman has nearly half a million egg cells.
But only 400 or so will ever get the opportunity to create a new life.
One by one, over much of her lifetime, they will develop into mature eggs,
covered by a protective jelly and surrounded by fluid.
Inside the ovary, nourished and secure, the egg grows until the ovarian wall swells and like a volcano erupts.
Surrounded by its protective jelly, the mature ovum, perhaps the largest cell in the human body, is ejected from the ovary.
It's called ovulation and it happens more or less on schedule every 28 days.
If not fertilized, within one to three days it will die, to be flushed out of the system with the next menstrual flow.
The fringed opening of the fallopian tube awaits the approaching egg.
Muscular contractions and microscopic lashes set up an undulating motion that will paddle the potential source of life to its destiny.
The male's contribution, sperm, are among the smallest cells in the body, but their numbers are astronomical.
During manufacture, incipient sperm cells reduce by half the normal human complement of 46 chromosomes in each cell, preparing to combine with the 23 chromosomes of the egg.
Where the female matures one egg a month, the male produces some 200 million sperm a day.
For couples planning to start or increase a family, timing is critical.
Only during a few days around the middle of a woman's menstrual cycle is her egg capable of being fertilized.
Ejaculated into the female, a vast armada of sperm, 200 to 500 million strong, swims energetically about half an inch a minute toward the fallopian tube.
In order to struggle against muscular contractions propelling the ovum toward them, only the strongest will reach their goal.
Now the reason for the sperm's prodigious numbers becomes evident.
By the millions, they beat against the jelly protecting the egg. Their chemical makeup helps dissolve the coating.
Once a single sperm has penetrated the ovum, a chemical change will take place to prevent all others from entering.
Ovum and sperm begin to unite, and a union, now called a zygote, will successively divide into many cells.
There is so much we don't know, but logic tells us that at this moment the zygote contains specific information for one homo sapiens of given sex and color and potential size.
Perhaps even intelligence, personality, health, the contributions of 10,000 generations, a blueprint for a creature of 60 trillion cells in a package no bigger than the point of a pin.
Pushing and squeezing, the tissues of the fallopian tube propel the fertilized ovum toward the uterus or womb.
The journey will take five days to a week.
As growth continues, the zygote violently expands and contracts, in appearance much like an exploding star.
A rich supply of blood flows to the waiting uterus.
A portion of the uterine wall will unite with the outer layer of the ovum to form the placenta, which will nourish the new life.
Now called a blastocyst, the ovum slowly enters the womb, its universe, for the next 260 days.
About a week has passed since conception. There are no sensations, no clues to tell the woman that she carries the beginnings of a new life.
The blastocyst has embedded itself in the uterine wall. It is, in the second week, a disk made up of hundreds of cells getting ready to begin the task of creating individual organs.
Over the third week, the fundamentals of the human body now begin to take shape, and the camera is privileged witness to the beginnings of the spine.
A primitive heart forms and begins beating. It is the fourth week.
Never again is relative growth so great. In the first month, the egg has increased in size 10,000 times.
Soon the mother will sense the profound changes in her body. She carries within her an expanding universe.
Billions have preceded. Billions will follow. And no two ever will be exactly alike.
I'm Kate Dunlop, and I be just one of the characters you meet in Sunny Queen Eggs, Eggventures on the I.C.
You'll find me or one of my friends or foes in every carton of Sunny Queen Eggs. Stick them onto this poster here and play Eggventures on the I.C.
A vast hill of us. It gives me right home for a full set of stickers. Collect Sunny Queen Eggventures on the I.C. stickers now. For kids of all ages.
We feel that a Peano cruise is good value for money. It is a total package deal, as it were. You get three meals a day. All your entertainment is provided.
We have a total of five bars altogether, and there are quiet areas where you can sit. We look after the moving mobile hotel. All that the passenger has to do is to enjoy what's inside it.
Peano gives you free flights to and from Sydney for your Pacific cruise.
Gillette. Great moments in sport. The Sydney Cricket Ground November 18, 1947. Australia was playing India and Don Bradman was in sparkling form.
At 99, Mancard bowls up a full toss and Bradman grabs the opportunity to notch up his 100th century in first class games.
The crowd rose to its feet. Bradman is congratulated by his partner, Keith Muller. The world of cricket has never known a player the equal of Don Bradman.
No bowler was safe against his technical brilliance.
Would one of Australia's top models risk using a home perm?
Yes, but not any ordinary home perm.
Introducing Light Waves, the fabulous new soft perm with natural full body.
Light Waves lets me constantly change my look. Loose natural curls or sleek waves without any frizz.
Light Waves has no smell and is gentle, even on colour-treated hair.
Do you think I'd take any risks with my hair?
Light Waves won't frizz odour-free.
At Soltrum, if we didn't take the time to train our vines to produce fewer but finer grapes, if we didn't age our reds and even some of our whites in small oak barrels,
and if we released them a year or two earlier instead of laying them down in cool, dark cellars, we could make more Soltrum wine.
And it wouldn't be so hard to get your hands on.
Soltrum, fine wine takes time.
Wednesday, 9.30, Rocky's Sylvester Stallone in No Place to Hide.
They were radicals using terror as a political tactic, a campaign of bomb attacks to achieve their revolutionary demands.
No Place to Hide, starring Sylvester Stallone, Wednesday, 9.30, Channel O.
As science, with its ever more sophisticated tools, probes deeper and deeper into the secrets of nature, knowledge takes on an aura of fantasy.
We learn, for example, that every cell in the body contains the genetic blueprint for making a complete individual.
And yet, each type of cell is highly specialized.
Even when removed from the heart and placed in a nutrient solution, a single cell of heart muscle continues to beat.
In another laboratory experiment, two heart cells in a culture dish beat individually, each at its own pace.
But when they touch, they synchronize and beat in unison.
We have barely begun to understand the potential of the human brain, control center of the incredible machine, and the most complex of all living organs.
How, for example, to account for hypnosis or the seemingly bizarre feats of exotic Eastern disciplines.
Recent knowledge indicates that the brain is capable of giving us voluntary control over bodily states to a greater degree than we had ever thought possible.
Using sophisticated electronics, researchers like Dr. Barbara Brown have developed techniques called biofeedback, enabling individuals to alter various functions.
By listening to a beeper device activated by heartbeat, for example, a subject can learn to vary the rate at which the heart pumps.
We never thought that we could do this before.
We've always been told, medical sciences acknowledge, that most of our body runs on automatic.
It's automatically regulated.
Now what biofeedback has shown to us is that we can mobilize some higher mental function to intervene, to intervene in an automatically regulated body function, such as blood flow or blood pressure, and bring it under our own voluntary control at will.
We can apparently work with almost everything in the muscle system, almost everything that's innervated by what's called the autonomic nervous system, all of the vital functions, the heart and blood pressure and so on.
In the future, it is the control of various brain electrical activities.
Subjects have learned to identify and control different types of electrical waves emanating from the brain. Electrodes picking up brain electrical activity are connected to an electroencephalograph, an EEG machine, which in turn regulates flow of current to a toy train.
When the brain emits waves of a specific frequency, alpha waves in the case of this subject, the train moves.
The larger the alpha waves emitted, the faster it goes.